Stages of Spiritual Development
Over the past several months, I have been reflecting on the various ways psychologists, philosophers, and authors have explored stages of spiritual and human development. Thinkers like Ken Wilber, James Fowler, James Hollis, Carl Jung, and Richard Rohr have each offered valuable insights into how we grow and mature. My goal has been to integrate these perspectives into a cohesive framework that deepens our understanding of personal and spiritual growth. I find developmental stages incredibly useful—not only for gaining clarity about my own journey but also for recognizing and appreciating where others may be in theirs. My hope is that these insights will be helpful to you as well. Below are four stages of spiritual development as I have come to understand them.
1. Cleaning Up (Dualistic)
This stage is marked by a dualistic, black-and-white view of the world, where right and wrong are clearly defined. There's a strong adherence to rules and dogma, and a high degree of certainty in one's beliefs. Faith is straightforward and unquestioning. The focus is on obedience, following rules, and maintaining a solid moral compass. This stage also includes forming one's ego, social identity, and the roles one plays in society. It's about creating a sense of success and security and seeking validation from others. It is part of what Carl Jung referred to as the “first half of life.”
2. Growing Up (Complexity)
At this stage, we start to see the gray areas. Everything in life is no longer just black and white; it's full of nuances, complexities, and mystery. Every question doesn’t have an easy answer. We begin exploring different perspectives and approaches to faith and spirituality. The emphasis shifts to problem-solving and seeking guidance to navigate life's complexities. Faith becomes more practical, oriented towards personal growth and effectiveness. This stage involves challenging the previously established order, leading to a level of uncertainty, questioning or doubt. While for some, this stage can be challenging, it is crucial for personal growth and spiritual maturity. It allows individuals to move beyond overly simplistic views, to fostering deeper, more authentic understanding of themselves and the world.
3. Waking Up (Awareness)
This stage is about realizing and embodying a deeper awareness. Some theologians or philosophers use the language of consciousness or spiritual awakening. It involves moving from unconscious patterns to mindfulness and presence. In this stage there is a movement away from an ego-driven identity towards a more authentic self. This involves letting go of the need for control, approval, and the illusion of certainty. Ultimately, those who “wake up” are more attentive, transforming their interactions with themselves, others, and the world through a deeper understanding beyond personality constructions, or false self. This stage is marked by an ability to hold and embrace paradoxes, contradictions, and the complexities of life. It includes a more profound acceptance of oneself and others, recognizing the limitations of dualistic thinking.
4. Showing Up (Engagement)
Finally, showing up means being an active participant in life, responding to the needs of others, and contributing to the greater good. This stage represents a mature faith that is not only personal but communal and transformational. It is marked by a deeper sense of generosity, compassion, justice, love, and a desire to leave a positive legacy. To truly “show up” means to overcome the tension for safety and security and fully engage with whatever arises, embodying the transformative qualities gained from the earlier stages. This stage is a part of what Jung refers to as the “second half of life.”
Each of these stages plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of ourselves, our faith, and our purpose. While the process is not always linear, recognizing these stages can help us navigate our own development with greater clarity and compassion. More importantly, it allows us to extend grace to others as they walk their unique paths. My hope is that these insights encourage deeper reflection and a more holistic approach to spiritual maturity—one that embraces both the challenges and the beauty of the journey.
